See кочо in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "chm-pro",
"3": "*kåčə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *kåčə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*këčče-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *këčče-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mari *kåčə, from Proto-Uralic *këčče-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kočo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "кочырак",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "кочырак",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "кочо • (kočo) (comparative кочырак)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "кочырак"
},
"expansion": "кочо • (kočo) (comparative кочырак)",
"name": "mhr-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ко",
"чо"
]
}
],
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitter"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-adj-u-jpUx4B",
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rancid (too sour)"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-adj-OYCo0-~q",
"links": [
[
"rancid",
"rancid"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"not sweet, sour, hot"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-adj-CV570hxa",
"links": [
[
"sweet",
"sweet"
],
[
"sour",
"sour"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"acrid, pungent, biting"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-adj-KLUBWNIL",
"links": [
[
"acrid",
"acrid"
],
[
"pungent",
"pungent"
],
[
"biting",
"biting"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bitter, unpleasant, harsh"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-adj-ASCF-4CD",
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.t͡ɕo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ot͡ɕo"
}
],
"word": "кочо"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kočyn",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "кочын"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "chm-pro",
"3": "*kåčə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *kåčə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*këčče-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *këčče-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mari *kåčə, from Proto-Uralic *këčče-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kočo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mhr-decl-noun-npos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо",
"roman": "kočo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влак",
"roman": "kočo-vlak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочым",
"roman": "kočym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакым",
"roman": "kočo-vlakym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочын",
"roman": "kočyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакын",
"roman": "kočo-vlakyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочылан",
"roman": "kočylan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влаклан",
"roman": "kočo-vlaklan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыге",
"roman": "kočyge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакге",
"roman": "kočo-vlakge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыла",
"roman": "kočyla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакла",
"roman": "kočo-vlakla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочышто",
"roman": "kočyšto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакыште",
"roman": "kočo-vlakyšte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыш",
"roman": "kočyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакыш",
"roman": "kočo-vlakyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "кочышко",
"roman": "kočyško",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"long-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакышке",
"roman": "kočo-vlakyške",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"long-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочеш",
"roman": "kočeš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакеш",
"roman": "kočo-vlakeš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mhr-pos-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кочем",
"roman": "kočem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочына",
"roman": "kočyna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочет",
"roman": "kočet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыда",
"roman": "kočyda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыжо",
"roman": "kočyžo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "кочышт",
"roman": "kočyšt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "кочо-влак",
"5": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "кочо • (kočo)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "кочо • (kočo)",
"name": "mhr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ко",
"чо"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "коч",
"2": "о",
"3": "",
"4": "о",
"5": "е"
},
"name": "mhr-decl-noun-npos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "кочо",
"10": "кочо-влакге",
"11": "кочыла",
"12": "кочо-влакла",
"13": "кочышто",
"14": "кочо-влакыште",
"15": "кочыш",
"16": "кочо-влакыш",
"17": "кочышко",
"18": "кочо-влакышке",
"19": "кочеш",
"2": "кочо-влак",
"20": "кочо-влакеш",
"3": "кочым",
"4": "кочо-влакым",
"5": "кочын",
"6": "кочо-влакын",
"7": "кочылан",
"8": "кочо-влаклан",
"9": "кочыге"
},
"name": "mhr-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitterness"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-noun-83BZozZA",
"links": [
[
"bitterness",
"bitterness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"acridity, unpleasantness"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-noun-AdCxJKw0",
"links": [
[
"acridity",
"acridity"
],
[
"unpleasantness",
"unpleasantness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bitterness (bitter feeling)"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-noun-2hfWF293",
"links": [
[
"bitterness",
"bitterness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) bitterness (bitter feeling)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 1 1 1 8 1 4 2 6 35 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Mari entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 1 1 1 7 1 7 2 7 32 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Mari links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 1 1 1 6 1 5 2 6 34 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Mari links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"misfortune, trouble, worries, hardships, misery"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-noun-O9fKuN12",
"links": [
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"worries",
"worries"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"misery",
"misery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) misfortune, trouble, worries, hardships, misery"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"vodka"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-noun-s5pg9Zu~",
"links": [
[
"vodka",
"vodka"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"poison"
],
"id": "en-кочо-mhr-noun-V0Or3d36",
"links": [
[
"poison",
"poison"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.t͡ɕo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ot͡ɕo"
}
],
"word": "кочо"
}
{
"categories": [
"Eastern Mari adjectives",
"Eastern Mari entries with incorrect language header",
"Eastern Mari lemmas",
"Eastern Mari links with redundant alt parameters",
"Eastern Mari links with redundant wikilinks",
"Eastern Mari nouns",
"Eastern Mari terms derived from Proto-Mari",
"Eastern Mari terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Eastern Mari terms inherited from Proto-Mari",
"Eastern Mari terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Eastern Mari/ot͡ɕo",
"Rhymes:Eastern Mari/ot͡ɕo/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "chm-pro",
"3": "*kåčə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *kåčə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*këčče-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *këčče-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mari *kåčə, from Proto-Uralic *këčče-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kočo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "кочырак",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "кочырак",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "кочо • (kočo) (comparative кочырак)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "кочырак"
},
"expansion": "кочо • (kočo) (comparative кочырак)",
"name": "mhr-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ко",
"чо"
]
}
],
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitter"
],
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rancid (too sour)"
],
"links": [
[
"rancid",
"rancid"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"not sweet, sour, hot"
],
"links": [
[
"sweet",
"sweet"
],
[
"sour",
"sour"
],
[
"hot",
"hot"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"acrid, pungent, biting"
],
"links": [
[
"acrid",
"acrid"
],
[
"pungent",
"pungent"
],
[
"biting",
"biting"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bitter, unpleasant, harsh"
],
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
],
[
"unpleasant",
"unpleasant"
],
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.t͡ɕo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ot͡ɕo"
}
],
"word": "кочо"
}
{
"categories": [
"Eastern Mari adjectives",
"Eastern Mari entries with incorrect language header",
"Eastern Mari lemmas",
"Eastern Mari links with redundant alt parameters",
"Eastern Mari links with redundant wikilinks",
"Eastern Mari nouns",
"Eastern Mari terms derived from Proto-Mari",
"Eastern Mari terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Eastern Mari terms inherited from Proto-Mari",
"Eastern Mari terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Eastern Mari/ot͡ɕo",
"Rhymes:Eastern Mari/ot͡ɕo/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kočyn",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "кочын"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "chm-pro",
"3": "*kåčə"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mari *kåčə",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*këčče-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *këčče-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Mari *kåčə, from Proto-Uralic *këčče-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kočo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mhr-decl-noun-npos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо",
"roman": "kočo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влак",
"roman": "kočo-vlak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочым",
"roman": "kočym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакым",
"roman": "kočo-vlakym",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочын",
"roman": "kočyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакын",
"roman": "kočo-vlakyn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочылан",
"roman": "kočylan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влаклан",
"roman": "kočo-vlaklan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыге",
"roman": "kočyge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакге",
"roman": "kočo-vlakge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыла",
"roman": "kočyla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакла",
"roman": "kočo-vlakla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочышто",
"roman": "kočyšto",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакыште",
"roman": "kočo-vlakyšte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыш",
"roman": "kočyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакыш",
"roman": "kočo-vlakyš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "кочышко",
"roman": "kočyško",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"long-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакышке",
"roman": "kočo-vlakyške",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"long-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочеш",
"roman": "kočeš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочо-влакеш",
"roman": "kočo-vlakeš",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"lative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mhr-pos-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "кочем",
"roman": "kočem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочына",
"roman": "kočyna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "кочет",
"roman": "kočet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыда",
"roman": "kočyda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "кочыжо",
"roman": "kočyžo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "кочышт",
"roman": "kočyšt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "кочо-влак",
"5": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "кочо • (kočo)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "кочо • (kočo)",
"name": "mhr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ко",
"чо"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "коч",
"2": "о",
"3": "",
"4": "о",
"5": "е"
},
"name": "mhr-decl-noun-npos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "кочо",
"10": "кочо-влакге",
"11": "кочыла",
"12": "кочо-влакла",
"13": "кочышто",
"14": "кочо-влакыште",
"15": "кочыш",
"16": "кочо-влакыш",
"17": "кочышко",
"18": "кочо-влакышке",
"19": "кочеш",
"2": "кочо-влак",
"20": "кочо-влакеш",
"3": "кочым",
"4": "кочо-влакым",
"5": "кочын",
"6": "кочо-влакын",
"7": "кочылан",
"8": "кочо-влаклан",
"9": "кочыге"
},
"name": "mhr-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Eastern Mari",
"lang_code": "mhr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bitterness"
],
"links": [
[
"bitterness",
"bitterness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"acridity, unpleasantness"
],
"links": [
[
"acridity",
"acridity"
],
[
"unpleasantness",
"unpleasantness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bitterness (bitter feeling)"
],
"links": [
[
"bitterness",
"bitterness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) bitterness (bitter feeling)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"misfortune, trouble, worries, hardships, misery"
],
"links": [
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"worries",
"worries"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
],
[
"misery",
"misery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) misfortune, trouble, worries, hardships, misery"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"vodka"
],
"links": [
[
"vodka",
"vodka"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"poison"
],
"links": [
[
"poison",
"poison"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈko.t͡ɕo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ot͡ɕo"
}
],
"word": "кочо"
}
Download raw JSONL data for кочо meaning in Eastern Mari (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Eastern Mari dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.